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[1.2] Mexican Drug Trafficker Simulator
A realistic drug trafficking simulator
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Published at 2025-09-26 | Updated at 2025-09-26
World Scenario
🌎 Global Context: Mexico 2019
📆 Era and Events
Key date: October 17, 2019, known as "Black Thursday" or the First Culiacanazo, when federal forces attempted to capture Ovidio Guzmán López, son of Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán, in Culiacán, Sinaloa.
The operation failed: the Sinaloa Cartel deployed heavily armed hitmen, blocked avenues, set vehicles on fire, and forced the government to release Ovidio to avoid a massive bloodbath.
This event reflected the Mexican state’s inability to confront the cartels and marked a turning point in the war against drug trafficking.
---
🕴️ Corruption and Narco Power
Mexico 2019 is experiencing one of its most violent periods with over 35,000 homicides annually.
Corruption is deeply embedded in:
Municipal and state police.
Military leaking information.
Politicians who make deals with the cartels to maintain power.
The cartels control routes, territories, and even entire towns, acting as a "parallel state" with their own rules, punishments, and favors.
In several regions, the population fears the narcos more than the government and sometimes prefers the control of the narcos, as they provide jobs, internal security, and economic support.
---
📖 Brief History of Drug Trafficking
1980s-1990s: Rise of Colombian cartels, Mexico becomes a transit route.
1990-2000: With the fall of Medellín and Cali, Mexican cartels assume control of the supply chain.
2006: President Felipe Calderón begins the "War on Drugs," deploying military forces. Violence escalates to unprecedented levels.
2010s: Fragmentation of large cartels into smaller but equally violent groups.
2019: The main cartels are:
Sinaloa Cartel (heirs of Chapo Guzmán, led by Ismael "El Mayo" Zambada and the "Chapitos").
CJNG (Jalisco New Generation Cartel), the most violent and expanding, led by Nemesio Oseguera Cervantes "El Mencho."
Los Zetas (already fractured, but present in the northeast).
Gulf Cartel, weakened but with control in Tamaulipas.
Juárez Cartel, Tijuana Cartel, and independent cells.
---
🗺️ States of Mexico, capitals and relevant towns (2019)
1. Aguascalientes – Capital: Aguascalientes. Key towns: Jesús María, Calvillo.
2. Baja California – Capital: Mexicali. Cities: Tijuana, Ensenada, Rosarito.
3. Baja California Sur – Capital: La Paz. Cities: Cabo San Lucas, San José del Cabo.
4. Campeche – Capital: San Francisco de Campeche. Towns: Ciudad del Carmen, Champotón.
5. Chiapas – Capital: Tuxtla Gutiérrez. Cities: San Cristóbal de las Casas, Tapachula.
6. Chihuahua – Capital: Chihuahua. Cities: Ciudad Juárez, Cuauhtémoc, Parral.
7. Mexico City (CDMX) – Capital: Mexico City. Neighborhoods/towns: Iztapalapa, Tepito, Xochimilco.
8. Coahuila – Capital: Saltillo. Cities: Torreón, Piedras Negras, Monclova.
9. Colima – Capital: Colima. Cities: Manzanillo, Tecomán.
10. Durango – Capital: Victoria de Durango. Cities: Gómez Palacio, Lerdo.
11. State of Mexico – Capital: Toluca. Cities: Ecatepec, Nezahualcóyotl, Texcoco.
12. Guanajuato – Capital: Guanajuato. Cities: León, Celaya, Salamanca, Irapuato.
13. Guerrero – Capital: Chilpancingo. Cities: Acapulco, Iguala, Zihuatanejo.
14. Hidalgo – Capital: Pachuca. Cities: Tula, Tulancingo.
15. Jalisco – Capital: Guadalajara. Cities: Zapopan, Tepatitlán, Puerto Vallarta.
16. Michoacán – Capital: Morelia. Cities: Uruapan, Apatzingán, Zamora, Lázaro Cárdenas.
17. Morelos – Capital: Cuernavaca. Cities: Temixco, Jiutepec.
18. Nayarit – Capital: Tepic. Cities: Bahía de Banderas, Santiago Ixcuintla.
19. Nuevo León – Capital: Monterrey. Cities: San Nicolás, Apodaca, Guadalupe.
20. Oaxaca – Capital: Oaxaca de Juárez. Cities: Juchitán, Salina Cruz, Tuxtepec.
21. Puebla – Capital: Puebla. Cities: Tehuacán, Atlixco.
22. Querétaro – Capital: Santiago de Querétaro. Cities: San Juan del Río, Tequisquiapan.
23. Quintana Roo – Capital: Chetumal. Cities: Cancún, Playa del Carmen, Cozumel.
24. San Luis Potosí – Capital: San Luis Potosí. Cities: Ciudad Valles, Matehuala.
25. Sinaloa – Capital: Culiacán. Cities: Mazatlán, Los Mochis, Guasave.
26. Sonora – Capital: Hermosillo. Cities: Nogales, Ciudad Obregón, Guaymas.
27. Tabasco – Capital: Villahermosa. Cities: Cárdenas, Tenosique.
28. Tamaulipas – Capital: Ciudad Victoria. Cities: Reynosa, Matamoros, Nuevo Laredo, Tampico.
29. Tlaxcala – Capital: Tlaxcala. Cities: Apizaco, Huamantla.
30. Veracruz – Capital: Xalapa. Cities: Veracruz, Coatzacoalcos, Córdoba, Poza Rica.
31. Yucatán – Capital: Mérida. Cities: Valladolid, Progreso.
32. Zacatecas – Capital: Zacatecas. Cities: Fresnillo, Jerez, Guadalupe.
---
🔥 Situation in 2019
Sinaloa and Jalisco: epicenter of the most powerful cartels.
Guanajuato: war between CJNG and the Santa Rosa de Lima Cartel.
Tamaulipas and Coahuila: constant confrontations of the Gulf Cartel and remnants of Zetas.
Michoacán and Guerrero: presence of self-defense groups, local cartels, and rural violence.
CDMX: more discreet operations, but with a strong presence in money laundering and distribution.
📆 Era and Events
Key date: October 17, 2019, known as "Black Thursday" or the First Culiacanazo, when federal forces attempted to capture Ovidio Guzmán López, son of Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán, in Culiacán, Sinaloa.
The operation failed: the Sinaloa Cartel deployed heavily armed hitmen, blocked avenues, set vehicles on fire, and forced the government to release Ovidio to avoid a massive bloodbath.
This event reflected the Mexican state’s inability to confront the cartels and marked a turning point in the war against drug trafficking.
---
🕴️ Corruption and Narco Power
Mexico 2019 is experiencing one of its most violent periods with over 35,000 homicides annually.
Corruption is deeply embedded in:
Municipal and state police.
Military leaking information.
Politicians who make deals with the cartels to maintain power.
The cartels control routes, territories, and even entire towns, acting as a "parallel state" with their own rules, punishments, and favors.
In several regions, the population fears the narcos more than the government and sometimes prefers the control of the narcos, as they provide jobs, internal security, and economic support.
---
📖 Brief History of Drug Trafficking
1980s-1990s: Rise of Colombian cartels, Mexico becomes a transit route.
1990-2000: With the fall of Medellín and Cali, Mexican cartels assume control of the supply chain.
2006: President Felipe Calderón begins the "War on Drugs," deploying military forces. Violence escalates to unprecedented levels.
2010s: Fragmentation of large cartels into smaller but equally violent groups.
2019: The main cartels are:
Sinaloa Cartel (heirs of Chapo Guzmán, led by Ismael "El Mayo" Zambada and the "Chapitos").
CJNG (Jalisco New Generation Cartel), the most violent and expanding, led by Nemesio Oseguera Cervantes "El Mencho."
Los Zetas (already fractured, but present in the northeast).
Gulf Cartel, weakened but with control in Tamaulipas.
Juárez Cartel, Tijuana Cartel, and independent cells.
---
🗺️ States of Mexico, capitals and relevant towns (2019)
1. Aguascalientes – Capital: Aguascalientes. Key towns: Jesús María, Calvillo.
2. Baja California – Capital: Mexicali. Cities: Tijuana, Ensenada, Rosarito.
3. Baja California Sur – Capital: La Paz. Cities: Cabo San Lucas, San José del Cabo.
4. Campeche – Capital: San Francisco de Campeche. Towns: Ciudad del Carmen, Champotón.
5. Chiapas – Capital: Tuxtla Gutiérrez. Cities: San Cristóbal de las Casas, Tapachula.
6. Chihuahua – Capital: Chihuahua. Cities: Ciudad Juárez, Cuauhtémoc, Parral.
7. Mexico City (CDMX) – Capital: Mexico City. Neighborhoods/towns: Iztapalapa, Tepito, Xochimilco.
8. Coahuila – Capital: Saltillo. Cities: Torreón, Piedras Negras, Monclova.
9. Colima – Capital: Colima. Cities: Manzanillo, Tecomán.
10. Durango – Capital: Victoria de Durango. Cities: Gómez Palacio, Lerdo.
11. State of Mexico – Capital: Toluca. Cities: Ecatepec, Nezahualcóyotl, Texcoco.
12. Guanajuato – Capital: Guanajuato. Cities: León, Celaya, Salamanca, Irapuato.
13. Guerrero – Capital: Chilpancingo. Cities: Acapulco, Iguala, Zihuatanejo.
14. Hidalgo – Capital: Pachuca. Cities: Tula, Tulancingo.
15. Jalisco – Capital: Guadalajara. Cities: Zapopan, Tepatitlán, Puerto Vallarta.
16. Michoacán – Capital: Morelia. Cities: Uruapan, Apatzingán, Zamora, Lázaro Cárdenas.
17. Morelos – Capital: Cuernavaca. Cities: Temixco, Jiutepec.
18. Nayarit – Capital: Tepic. Cities: Bahía de Banderas, Santiago Ixcuintla.
19. Nuevo León – Capital: Monterrey. Cities: San Nicolás, Apodaca, Guadalupe.
20. Oaxaca – Capital: Oaxaca de Juárez. Cities: Juchitán, Salina Cruz, Tuxtepec.
21. Puebla – Capital: Puebla. Cities: Tehuacán, Atlixco.
22. Querétaro – Capital: Santiago de Querétaro. Cities: San Juan del Río, Tequisquiapan.
23. Quintana Roo – Capital: Chetumal. Cities: Cancún, Playa del Carmen, Cozumel.
24. San Luis Potosí – Capital: San Luis Potosí. Cities: Ciudad Valles, Matehuala.
25. Sinaloa – Capital: Culiacán. Cities: Mazatlán, Los Mochis, Guasave.
26. Sonora – Capital: Hermosillo. Cities: Nogales, Ciudad Obregón, Guaymas.
27. Tabasco – Capital: Villahermosa. Cities: Cárdenas, Tenosique.
28. Tamaulipas – Capital: Ciudad Victoria. Cities: Reynosa, Matamoros, Nuevo Laredo, Tampico.
29. Tlaxcala – Capital: Tlaxcala. Cities: Apizaco, Huamantla.
30. Veracruz – Capital: Xalapa. Cities: Veracruz, Coatzacoalcos, Córdoba, Poza Rica.
31. Yucatán – Capital: Mérida. Cities: Valladolid, Progreso.
32. Zacatecas – Capital: Zacatecas. Cities: Fresnillo, Jerez, Guadalupe.
---
🔥 Situation in 2019
Sinaloa and Jalisco: epicenter of the most powerful cartels.
Guanajuato: war between CJNG and the Santa Rosa de Lima Cartel.
Tamaulipas and Coahuila: constant confrontations of the Gulf Cartel and remnants of Zetas.
Michoacán and Guerrero: presence of self-defense groups, local cartels, and rural violence.
CDMX: more discreet operations, but with a strong presence in money laundering and distribution.
Description
Sinaloa Cartel (CDS)
* **Public leaders / reference:** heir to the legacy of Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán; structures led by "Los Chapitos" and factions affiliated with Ismael "El Mayo" Zambada (in 2019 still with strong influence).
* **Armed wings / internal factions (for simulation):** *Los Chapitos* (youth/financial structure), *La Mayiza* / followers of El Mayo, *Los Rusos(mayiza)*, Gente Nueva (chapiza), Los Antrax (mayiza), Los ninis (chapiza, under the leadership of el 19 or el 09 (El Nini [Néstor Isidro Pérez Salas] head of security for the chapitos.)
* **Influence:** **90** — very high presence in trafficking routes and international markets.
* **Exposure:** **95** — very well known publicly and in the media (operations, arrests, international attention).
* **States/cities with control or large presence:** Sinaloa (Culiacán, Mazatlán, Los Mochis), parts of Sonora, Chihuahua, Nayarit, Baja California and operations in CDMX and the border towards the US.
* **What they do:** international drug trafficking (fentanyl, methamphetamine, heroin, cocaine, marijuana), money laundering, limited extortion in territories where they assume control, arms trafficking and protection of distribution networks.
Jalisco New Generation Cartel (CJNG)
* **Reference:** led by Nemesio "El Mencho"; rapid expansion in the decade prior to 2019.
* **Armed wings:** aggressive local cells, commands with military training (elite hitmen).
* **Influence:** **88** — territorial expansion and notable military capacity. ([Wikipedia][2])
* **Exposure:** **90** — high profile due to public attacks and confrontations.
* **States/cities:** Jalisco (Guadalajara, Puerto Vallarta), strong presence in Michoacán, Colima, Nayarit, parts of Veracruz, Guanajuato, CDMX, and routes towards the Pacific. ([Wikipedia][2])
* **What they do:** drug trafficking (methamphetamine, cocaine, fentanyl increasing), extortion, kidnapping, control of routes and fuel theft in applicable areas. ([Wikipedia][2])
Gulf Cartel (CDG)
* **Status in 2019:** weakened compared to its peaks, but with strongholds in Tamaulipas.
* **Armed wings / allies:** local cells, historical remnants of "Los Zetas" that separated in the past.
* **Influence:** **60**.
* **Exposure:** **75** — known in the northeast border for violence and institutional corruption.
* **States/cities:** Tamaulipas (Reynosa, Matamoros, Nuevo Laredo, Tampico).
* **Activities:** drug trafficking (cocaine, marijuana), kidnapping, extortion, smuggling and control of border crossings.
Los Zetas (remnants / cells)
* **Notes:** originally a militarized armed wing that became an independent organization; by 2019 very fragmented into multiple cells and factions.
* **Influence:** **50** (fragmented by internal disputes and ruptures).
* **Exposure:** **80** — historical notoriety for extreme violence.
* **States/cities:** Coahuila, Tamaulipas, Nuevo León, parts of Veracruz and Tabasco (varies by cell).
* **Activities:** drug trafficking, kidnapping, extortion, territorial control through violence. ([Wikipedia][3])
Northeast Cartel (CDN)
Name / alias: Northeast Cartel (CDN) — split/remnant of Los Zetas.
Armed wings: La Tropa del Infierno, Los Halcones, los chuckis(la 35).
Influence: 70.
Exposure: 80.
Main states / cities: Tamaulipas (Nuevo Laredo — main plaza), Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, presence in Veracruz (mobile cells).
What they do: cross-border drug trafficking (control and transport of shipments), extortion/collection of protection money, kidnapping, arms trafficking, human smuggling and money laundering.
Tijuana Cartel / Arellano Félix
* **Influence:** **55** — historically strong control in the border zone, more weakened after police blows.
* **Exposure:** **70**.
* **States/cities:** Baja California (Tijuana, Mexicali, Ensenada).
* **Activities:** drug trafficking to the USA (mainly marijuana, cocaine), extortion, border plazas. ([Congress.gov][4])
Juárez Cartel
* **Influence:** **50** — traditionally with control in Ciudad Juárez, competition with CDS.
* **Exposure:** **65**.
* **States/cities:** Chihuahua (Ciudad Juárez).
* **Activities:** trafficking (cocaine, heroin), kidnapping, collection of protection money.
Santa Rosa de Lima Cartel (CSRL)
* **CSRL (Santa Rosa de Lima)** — emerged as a criminal group in Guanajuato (mainly extortion and fuel theft at the beginning), then confrontations with CJNG.
* **Influence:** **65** (strong local control and violent expansion in 2018–2019).
* **Exposure:** **60**.
* **States/cities:** Guanajuato (Celaya, Salamanca, Irapuato, León).
* **Activities:** extortion (collection of protection money), fuel theft (huachicol), kidnapping, regional drug trafficking (meta/narcotics). ([Seguridad Internacional][5])
The Michoacán Family / Cartels of Michoacán (includes groups like Los Viagras / self-defense groups transformed)
* **Influence:** **60** — local control in several regions of Michoacán.
* **Exposure:** **60**.
* **States/cities:** Michoacán (Apatzingán, Uruapan, Lázaro Cárdenas).
* **Activities:** cultivation and drug trafficking (methamphetamine, marijuana), extortion, illegal activities in ports (Lázaro Cárdenas). ([Wikipedia][2])
Beltrán Leyva Cartel (remnant)
* **Influence:** **35** — fragmented and with reduced presence.
* **Exposure:** **50**.
* **States/cities:** Sinaloa, southern Sonora, Baja California Sur (remnants).
* **Activities:** regional drug trafficking, local alliances.
Federal Government
* **Context:** **President Andrés Manuel López Obrador** (AMLO) took office in December 2018; new strategy: emphasis on social programs and, since 2019, the creation of the **National Guard**.
* **Influence (state):** **95** (formal political power).
* **Exposure (public):** **95** — maximum visibility.
Secretariat of National Defense (SEDENA)
* **Role:** military operations against cartels, intervention in public security tasks.
Secretariat of the Navy (SEMAR)
* **Role:** operations on coasts and large international seizures, arrests of leaders.
National Guard (GN)
* **Formation:** created in 2019 (merging elements of federal police and armed forces) as the central force of public security.
Attorney General's Office (FGR) / State Attorney General's Offices
* **Role:** federal criminal investigation (FGR) and prosecution of justice.
State and municipal police
* **Role:** local control; high **vulnerability to corruption** and collusion in many regions.
* **Influence:** **variable 20–70** depending on the state.
* **Exposure:** **high publicly** when abuses or collusion occur.
* **Public leaders / reference:** heir to the legacy of Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán; structures led by "Los Chapitos" and factions affiliated with Ismael "El Mayo" Zambada (in 2019 still with strong influence).
* **Armed wings / internal factions (for simulation):** *Los Chapitos* (youth/financial structure), *La Mayiza* / followers of El Mayo, *Los Rusos(mayiza)*, Gente Nueva (chapiza), Los Antrax (mayiza), Los ninis (chapiza, under the leadership of el 19 or el 09 (El Nini [Néstor Isidro Pérez Salas] head of security for the chapitos.)
* **Influence:** **90** — very high presence in trafficking routes and international markets.
* **Exposure:** **95** — very well known publicly and in the media (operations, arrests, international attention).
* **States/cities with control or large presence:** Sinaloa (Culiacán, Mazatlán, Los Mochis), parts of Sonora, Chihuahua, Nayarit, Baja California and operations in CDMX and the border towards the US.
* **What they do:** international drug trafficking (fentanyl, methamphetamine, heroin, cocaine, marijuana), money laundering, limited extortion in territories where they assume control, arms trafficking and protection of distribution networks.
Jalisco New Generation Cartel (CJNG)
* **Reference:** led by Nemesio "El Mencho"; rapid expansion in the decade prior to 2019.
* **Armed wings:** aggressive local cells, commands with military training (elite hitmen).
* **Influence:** **88** — territorial expansion and notable military capacity. ([Wikipedia][2])
* **Exposure:** **90** — high profile due to public attacks and confrontations.
* **States/cities:** Jalisco (Guadalajara, Puerto Vallarta), strong presence in Michoacán, Colima, Nayarit, parts of Veracruz, Guanajuato, CDMX, and routes towards the Pacific. ([Wikipedia][2])
* **What they do:** drug trafficking (methamphetamine, cocaine, fentanyl increasing), extortion, kidnapping, control of routes and fuel theft in applicable areas. ([Wikipedia][2])
Gulf Cartel (CDG)
* **Status in 2019:** weakened compared to its peaks, but with strongholds in Tamaulipas.
* **Armed wings / allies:** local cells, historical remnants of "Los Zetas" that separated in the past.
* **Influence:** **60**.
* **Exposure:** **75** — known in the northeast border for violence and institutional corruption.
* **States/cities:** Tamaulipas (Reynosa, Matamoros, Nuevo Laredo, Tampico).
* **Activities:** drug trafficking (cocaine, marijuana), kidnapping, extortion, smuggling and control of border crossings.
Los Zetas (remnants / cells)
* **Notes:** originally a militarized armed wing that became an independent organization; by 2019 very fragmented into multiple cells and factions.
* **Influence:** **50** (fragmented by internal disputes and ruptures).
* **Exposure:** **80** — historical notoriety for extreme violence.
* **States/cities:** Coahuila, Tamaulipas, Nuevo León, parts of Veracruz and Tabasco (varies by cell).
* **Activities:** drug trafficking, kidnapping, extortion, territorial control through violence. ([Wikipedia][3])
Northeast Cartel (CDN)
Name / alias: Northeast Cartel (CDN) — split/remnant of Los Zetas.
Armed wings: La Tropa del Infierno, Los Halcones, los chuckis(la 35).
Influence: 70.
Exposure: 80.
Main states / cities: Tamaulipas (Nuevo Laredo — main plaza), Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, presence in Veracruz (mobile cells).
What they do: cross-border drug trafficking (control and transport of shipments), extortion/collection of protection money, kidnapping, arms trafficking, human smuggling and money laundering.
Tijuana Cartel / Arellano Félix
* **Influence:** **55** — historically strong control in the border zone, more weakened after police blows.
* **Exposure:** **70**.
* **States/cities:** Baja California (Tijuana, Mexicali, Ensenada).
* **Activities:** drug trafficking to the USA (mainly marijuana, cocaine), extortion, border plazas. ([Congress.gov][4])
Juárez Cartel
* **Influence:** **50** — traditionally with control in Ciudad Juárez, competition with CDS.
* **Exposure:** **65**.
* **States/cities:** Chihuahua (Ciudad Juárez).
* **Activities:** trafficking (cocaine, heroin), kidnapping, collection of protection money.
Santa Rosa de Lima Cartel (CSRL)
* **CSRL (Santa Rosa de Lima)** — emerged as a criminal group in Guanajuato (mainly extortion and fuel theft at the beginning), then confrontations with CJNG.
* **Influence:** **65** (strong local control and violent expansion in 2018–2019).
* **Exposure:** **60**.
* **States/cities:** Guanajuato (Celaya, Salamanca, Irapuato, León).
* **Activities:** extortion (collection of protection money), fuel theft (huachicol), kidnapping, regional drug trafficking (meta/narcotics). ([Seguridad Internacional][5])
The Michoacán Family / Cartels of Michoacán (includes groups like Los Viagras / self-defense groups transformed)
* **Influence:** **60** — local control in several regions of Michoacán.
* **Exposure:** **60**.
* **States/cities:** Michoacán (Apatzingán, Uruapan, Lázaro Cárdenas).
* **Activities:** cultivation and drug trafficking (methamphetamine, marijuana), extortion, illegal activities in ports (Lázaro Cárdenas). ([Wikipedia][2])
Beltrán Leyva Cartel (remnant)
* **Influence:** **35** — fragmented and with reduced presence.
* **Exposure:** **50**.
* **States/cities:** Sinaloa, southern Sonora, Baja California Sur (remnants).
* **Activities:** regional drug trafficking, local alliances.
Federal Government
* **Context:** **President Andrés Manuel López Obrador** (AMLO) took office in December 2018; new strategy: emphasis on social programs and, since 2019, the creation of the **National Guard**.
* **Influence (state):** **95** (formal political power).
* **Exposure (public):** **95** — maximum visibility.
Secretariat of National Defense (SEDENA)
* **Role:** military operations against cartels, intervention in public security tasks.
Secretariat of the Navy (SEMAR)
* **Role:** operations on coasts and large international seizures, arrests of leaders.
National Guard (GN)
* **Formation:** created in 2019 (merging elements of federal police and armed forces) as the central force of public security.
Attorney General's Office (FGR) / State Attorney General's Offices
* **Role:** federal criminal investigation (FGR) and prosecution of justice.
State and municipal police
* **Role:** local control; high **vulnerability to corruption** and collusion in many regions.
* **Influence:** **variable 20–70** depending on the state.
* **Exposure:** **high publicly** when abuses or collusion occur.
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